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Subjektiv Følelse av StressAkhgarjand, C., Asoudeh, F., Bagheri, A., Kalantar, Z., Vahabi, Z., Shab‐bidar, S., ... & Djafarian, K. (2022). Does Ashwagandha supplementation have a beneficial effect on the management of anxiety and stress? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytotherapy Research, 36(11), 4115-4124. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7598 Auddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Chai, S. C., Li, I., Pacanowski, C., & Brewer, B. (2020). Effects of Four-Week Supplementation of Ashwagandha and B-Vitamins on Mood and Stress Relief. Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Supplement_2), 1195-1195. DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_011 Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 34(3), 255-262. DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.106022 Chengappa, K. R., Brar, J. S., Gannon, J. M., & Schlicht, P. J. (2018). Adjunctive use of a standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) to treat symptom exacerbation in schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 79(5), 22496. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.17m11826 Choudhary, D., Bhattacharyya, S., & Joshi, . (2017). Body weight management in adults under chronic stress through treatment with ashwagandha root extract: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine, 22(1), 96-106. DOI: 10.1177/2156587216641830 Gopukumar, K., Thanawala, S., Somepalli, V., Rao, T. S., Thamatam, V. B., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha Root Extract on Cognitive Functions in Healthy, Stressed Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021. DOI:10.1155/2021/8254344 Li, I. (2020). Stress & Anxiety Improvements with Ashwagandha and B-Vitamins. University of Delaware. Lenke til artikkel Li, I., Pacanowski, C., Cao, L., & Chai, S. C. (2020). Evaluation of Self-Reported Stress Reduction from Ashwagandha and B Vitamin Supplementation Using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Supplement_2), 1219-1219. DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_035 Lopresti, A. L., Smith, S. J., Malvi, H., & Kodgule, R. (2019). An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 98(37). DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017186 Majeed, M., Nagabhushanam, K., & Mundkur, L. (2023). A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 102(41), e35521. Remenapp, A., Coyle, K., Orange, T., Lynch, T., Hooper, D., Hooper, S., Conway, K., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2022). Efficacy of Withania somnifera supplementation on adult’s cognition and mood. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 13(2), 100510. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.08.003 Salve, J., Pate, S., Debnath, K., & Langade, D. (2019). Adaptogenic and anxiolytic effects of ashwagandha root extract in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study. Cureus, 11(12). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6466
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MotstandsdyktighetAuddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Baker, C., Kirby, J. B., O'Connor, J., Lindsay, K. G., Hutchins, A., & Harris, M. (2022). The Perceived Impact of Ashwagandha on Stress, Sleep Quality, Energy, and Mental Clarity for College Students: Qualitative Analysis of a Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial. Journal of Medicinal Food. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0042 Biswal, B. M., Sulaiman, S. A., Ismail, H. C., Zakaria, H., & Musa, K. I. (2013). Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on the development of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Integrative cancer therapies, 12(4), 312-322. DOI: 10.1177/1534735412464551 Bonilla, D. A., Moreno, Y., Gho, C., Petro, J. L., Odriozola-Martínez, A., & Kreider, R. B. (2021). Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on physical performance: systematic review and bayesian meta-analysis. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 6(1), 20. DOI: 10.3390/jfmk6010020 Cooley, K., Szczurko, O., Perri, D., Mills, E. J., Bernhardt, B., Zhou, Q., & Seely, D. (2009). Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRCTN78958974. PLoS One, 4(8), e6628. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006628 Mandlik, D. S., & Namdeo, A. G. (2021). Pharmacological evaluation of Ashwagandha highlighting its healthcare claims, safety, and toxicity aspects. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 18(2), 183-226. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1741484 Pérez-Gómez, J., Villafaina, S., Adsuar, J. C., Merellano-Navarro, E., & Collado-Mateo, D. (2020). Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on VO2max: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 12(4), 1119. DOI: 10.3390/nu12041119 Tiwari, S., Gupta, S. K., & Pathak, A. K. (2021). A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera dunal.) root extract in improving cardiorespiratory endurance and recovery in healthy athletic adults. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 272, 113929. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113929 Wankhede, S., Langade, D., Joshi, K., Sinha, S. R., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2015). Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.1186/s12970-015-0104-9
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Velvære og LivskvalitetAuddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Biswal, B. M., Sulaiman, S. A., Ismail, H. C., Zakaria, H., & Musa, K. I. (2013). Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on the development of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Integrative cancer therapies, 12(4), 312-322. DOI: 10.1177/1534735412464551 Chai, S. C., Li, I., Pacanowski, C., & Brewer, B. (2020). Effects of Four-Week Supplementation of Ashwagandha and B-Vitamins on Mood and Stress Relief. Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Supplement_2), 1195-1195. DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_011 Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 34(3), 255-262. DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.106022 Chengappa, K. R., Bowie, C. R., Schlicht, P. J., Fleet, D., Brar, J. S., & Jindal, R. (2013). Randomized placebo-controlled adjunctive study of an extract of Withania somnifera for cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 74(11), 16816. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.13m08413 Choudhary, B., Shetty, A., & Langade, D. G. (2015). Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal) in improving cardiorespiratory endurance in healthy athletic adults. Ayu, 36(1), 63. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.169002 Choudhary, D., Bhattacharyya, S., & Joshi, K. (2017). Body weight management in adults under chronic stress through treatment with ashwagandha root extract: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine, 22(1), 96-106. DOI: 10.1177/2156587216641830 Cooley, K., Szczurko, O., Perri, D., Mills, E. J., Bernhardt, B., Zhou, Q., & Seely, D. (2009). Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRCTN78958974. PLoS One, 4(8), e6628. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006628 Deshpande, A., Irani, N., Balkrishnan, R., & Benny, I. R. (2020). A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate the effects of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep quality in healthy adults. Sleep medicine, 72, 28-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.012 Gopukumar, K., Thanawala, S., Somepalli, V., Rao, T. S., Thamatam, V. B., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha Root Extract on Cognitive Functions in Healthy, Stressed Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021. DOI:10.1155/2021/8254344 Kelgane, S. B., Salve, J., Sampara, P., & Debnath, K. (2020). Efficacy and tolerability of Ashwagandha root extract in the elderly for improvement of general well-being and sleep: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Cureus, 12(2). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7083 Li, I. (2020). Stress & Anxiety Improvements with Ashwagandha and B-Vitamins. University of Delaware. Lenke til artikkel Li, I., Pacanowski, C., Cao, L., & Chai, S. C. (2020). Evaluation of Self-Reported Stress Reduction from Ashwagandha and B Vitamin Supplementation Using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Supplement_2), 1219-1219. DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_035 Langade, D., Thakare, V., Kanchi, S., & Kelgane, S. (2021). Clinical evaluation of the pharmacological impact of ashwagandha root extract on sleep in healthy volunteers and insomnia patients: A double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 264, 113276. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113276 Majeed, M., Nagabhushanam, K., & Mundkur, L. (2023). A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 102(41), e35521.
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Mental helseAndrade, C., Aswath, A., Chaturvedi, S. K., Srinivasa, M., & Raguram, R. (2000). A double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the anxiolytic efficacy ff an ethanolic extract of withania somnifera. Indian journal of psychiatry, 42(3), 295. PMCID: PMC2958355 Auddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Chai, S. C., Li, I., Pacanowski, C., & Brewer, B. (2020). Effects of Four-Week Supplementation of Ashwagandha and B-Vitamins on Mood and Stress Relief. Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Supplement_2), 1195-1195. DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_011 Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 34(3), 255-262. DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.106022 Chengappa, K. R., Brar, J. S., Gannon, J. M., & Schlicht, P. J. (2018). Adjunctive use of a standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) to treat symptom exacerbation in schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 79(5), 22496. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.17m11826 Choudhary, D., Bhattacharyya, S., & Joshi, K. (2017). Body weight management in adults under chronic stress through treatment with ashwagandha root extract: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine, 22(1), 96-106. DOI: 10.1177/2156587216641830 Cooley, K., Szczurko, O., Perri, D., Mills, E. J., Bernhardt, B., Zhou, Q., & Seely, D. (2009). Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRCTN78958974. PLoS One, 4(8), e6628. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006628 Fuladi, S., Emami, S. A., Mohammadpour, A. H., Karimani, A., Manteghi, A. A., & Sahebkar, A. (2021). Assessment of the efficacy of Withania somnifera root extract in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Formerly Current Clinical Pharmacology, 16(2), 191-196. DOI: 10.2174/1574884715666200413120413 Gannon, J. M., Brar, J., Rai, A., & Chengappa, K. R. (2019). Effects of a standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on depression and anxiety symptoms in persons with schizophrenia participating in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ann Clin Psychiatry, 31(2), 123-9. Lenke til artikkel. Jahanbakhsh, S. P., Manteghi, A. A., Emami, S. A., Mahyari, S., Gholampour, B., Mohammadpour, A. H., & Sahebkar, A. (2016). Evaluation of the efficacy of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 27, 25-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2016.03.018 Khyati, S., & Anup, B. (2013). A randomized double blind placebo controlled study of ashwagandha on generalized anxiety disorder. Int Ayurvedic Med J, 1, 1-7. Lenke til artikkel. Langade, D., Kanchi, S., Salve, J., Debnath, K., & Ambegaokar, D. (2019). Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract in insomnia and anxiety: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Cureus, 11(9). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5797 Langade, D., Thakare, V., Kanchi, S., & Kelgane, S. (2021). Clinical evaluation of the pharmacological impact of ashwagandha root extract on sleep in healthy volunteers and insomnia patients: A double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 264, 113276. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113276 Li, I. (2020). Stress & Anxiety Improvements with Ashwagandha and B-Vitamins. University of Delaware. Lenke til artikkel Lopresti, A. L., Smith, S. J., Malvi, H., & Kodgule, R. (2019). An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 98(37). DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017186 Majeed, M., Nagabhushanam, K., & Mundkur, L. (2023). A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 102(41), e35521. Remenapp, A., Coyle, K., Orange, T., Lynch, T., Hooper, D., Hooper, S., Conway, K., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2022). Efficacy of Withania somnifera supplementation on adult’s cognition and mood. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 13(2), 100510. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.08.003 Salve, J., Pate, S., Debnath, K., & Langade, D. (2019). Adaptogenic and anxiolytic effects of ashwagandha root extract in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study. Cureus, 11(12). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6466
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Kognitive FunksjonerAuddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Chengappa, K. R., Bowie, C. R., Schlicht, P. J., Fleet, D., Brar, J. S., & Jindal, R. (2013). Randomized placebo-controlled adjunctive study of an extract of Withania somnifera for cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 74(11), 16816. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.13m08413 Choudhary, D., Bhattacharyya, S., & Bose, S. (2017). Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal) root extract in improving memory and cognitive functions. Journal of dietary supplements, 14(6), 599-612. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1284970 Gopukumar, K., Thanawala, S., Somepalli, V., Rao, T. S., Thamatam, V. B., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha Root Extract on Cognitive Functions in Healthy, Stressed Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021. DOI:10.1155/2021/8254344 Li, I., Pacanowski, C., Cao, L., & Chai, S. C. (2020). Evaluation of Self-Reported Stress Reduction from Ashwagandha and B Vitamin Supplementation Using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Supplement_2), 1219-1219. DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_035 Ng, Q. X., Loke, W., Foo, N. X., Tan, W. J., Chan, H. W., Lim, D. Y., & Yeo, W. S. (2020). A systematic review of the clinical use of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction. Phytotherapy Research, 34(3), 583-590. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6552 Pingali, U., Pilli, R., & Fatima, N. (2014). Effect of standardized aqueous extract of Withania somnifera on tests of cognitive and psychomotor performance in healthy human participants. Pharmacognosy research, 6(1), 12. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.122912 Remenapp, A., Coyle, K., Orange, T., Lynch, T., Hooper, D., Hooper, S., Conway, K., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2022). Efficacy of Withania somnifera supplementation on adult’s cognition and mood. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 13(2), 100510. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.08.003 Kelgane, S. B., Salve, J., Sampara, P., & Debnath, K. (2020). Efficacy and tolerability of Ashwagandha root extract in the elderly for improvement of general well-being and sleep: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Cureus, 12(2). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7083 Langade, D., Thakare, V., Kanchi, S., & Kelgane, S. (2021). Clinical evaluation of the pharmacological impact of ashwagandha root extract on sleep in healthy volunteers and insomnia patients: A double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 264, 113276. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113276 Xing, D., Yoo, C., Gonzalez, D., Jenkins, V., Nottingham, K., Dickerson, B., ... & Kreider, R. B. (2022). Effects of Acute Ashwagandha Ingestion on Cognitive Function. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 11852. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911852
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NevrotransmittersystemerSerotonin Systemet Bhatnagar, M., Sharma, D., & Salvi, M. (2009). Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera dunal.: a possible mechanism. Neurochemical Research, 34(11), 1975-1983. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-9987-7 Kaurav, B. P., Wanjari, M. M., Chandekar, A., Chauhan, N. S., & Upmanyu, N. (2012). Influence of Withania somnifera on obsessive compulsive disorder in mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 5(5), 380-384. DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(12)60063-7 Tripathi, A. K., Dey, S., Singh, R. H., & Dey, P. K. (1998). Alterations in the sensitivity of 5th receptor subtypes following chronic Asvagandha treatment in rats. Ancient Science of Life, 17(3), 169. PMCID: PMC3331105 Speers, A. B., Cabey, K. A., Soumyanath, A., & Wright, K. M. (2021). Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current Neuropharmacology, 19(9), 1468. DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556 Glycin (Glutamat) Systemet Bhatnagar, M., Sharma, D., & Salvi, M. (2009). Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera dunal.: a possible mechanism. Neurochemical Research, 34(11), 1975-1983. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-9987-7 Bhattarai, J. P., Park, S. J., & Han, S. K. (2013). Potentiation of NMDA receptors by Withania somnifera on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 41(03), 503-513. DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X13500365 Grunze, H., Langosch, J., von Loewenich, C., & Walden, J. (2000). Modulation of neural cell membrane conductance by the herbal anxiolytic and antiepileptic drug aswal. Neuropsychobiology, 42(Suppl. 1), 28-32. DOI: 10.1159/000054849 Soman, S., Anju, T. R., Jayanarayanan, S., Antony, S., & Paulose, C. S. (2013). Impaired motor learning attributed to altered AMPA receptor function in the cerebellum of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy: ameliorating effects of Withania somnifera and withanolide A. Epilepsy & Behavior, 27(3), 484-491. DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.01.007 Soman, S., Korah, P. K., Jayanarayanan, S., Mathew, J., & Paulose, C. S. (2012). Oxidative stress induced NMDA receptor alteration leads to spatial memory deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy: ameliorative effects of Withania somnifera and Withanolide A. Neurochemical research, 37(9), 1915-1927. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0810-5 GABA Systemet Bhattarai, J. P., Ah Park, S., & Han, S. K. (2010). The methanolic extract of Withania somnifera ACTS on GABAA receptors in GnRH neurons in mice. Phytotherapy Research, 24(8), 1147-1150. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3088 Kulkarni, S. K., Akula, K. K., & Dhir, A. (2008). Effect of Withania somnifera Dunal root extract against pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold in mice: possible involvement of GABAergic system. PMID: 18697606 Kumar, A., & Kalonia, H. (2008). Effect of Withania somnifera on sleep-wake cycle in sleep-disturbed rats: Possible GABAergic mechanism. Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 70(6), 806. DOI: 10.4103/0250-474X.49130 Mehta, A. K., Binkley, P., Gandhi, S. S., & Ticku, M. K. (1991). Pharmacological effects of Withania somnifera root extract on GABAA receptor complex. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 94, 312-315. PMID: 1660034 Speers, A. B., Cabey, K. A., Soumyanath, A., & Wright, K. M. (2021). Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current Neuropharmacology, 19(9), 1468. DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556 Acetylkolin Systemet Bhatnagar, M., Sharma, D., & Salvi, M. (2009). Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera dunal.: a possible mechanism. Neurochemical Research, 34(11), 1975-1983. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-9987-7 Choudhary, M. I., Yousuf, S., Nawaz, S. A., & Ahmed, S. (2004). Cholinesterase inhibiting withanolides from Withania somnifera. Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin, 52(11), 1358-1361. DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1358 Grover, A., Shandilya, A., Agrawal, V., Bisaria, V. S., & Sundar, D. (2012). Computational evidence to inhibition of human acetyl cholinesterase by withanolide a for Alzheimer treatment. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 29(4), 651-662. DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.10507408 Schliebs, R., Liebmann, A., Bhattacharya, S. K., Kumar, A., Ghosal, S., & Bigl, V. (1997). Systemic administration of defined extracts from Withania somnifera (Indian Ginseng) and Shilajit differentially affects cholinergic but not glutamatergic and GABAergic markers in rat brain. Neurochemistry International, 30(2), 181-190. DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00025-3 Speers, A. B., Cabey, K. A., Soumyanath, A., & Wright, K. M. (2021). Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current Neuropharmacology, 19(9), 1468. DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556 Yadav, C. S., Kumar, V., Suke, S. G., Ahmed, R. S., Mediratta, P. K., & Banerjee, B. D. (2010). Propoxur-induced acetylcholine esterase inhibition and impairment of cognitive function: attenuation by Withania somnifera. PMID: 20521626 Katekolamin systemet (Adrenalin/Epinefrin og Dopamin) Shah, P. C., Trivedi, N. A., Bhatt, J. D., & Hemavathi, K. G. (2006). Effect of Withania somnifera on forced swimming test induced immobility in mice and its interaction with various drugs. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 50(4), 409. PMID: 17402272 Priyanka, G., Anil Kumar, B., Lakshman, M., Manvitha, V., & Kala Kumar, B. (2020). Adaptogenic and immunomodulatory activity of Ashwagandha root extract: An experimental study in an equine model. Frontiers in veterinary science, 7, 541112. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.541112 RajaSankar, S., Manivasagam, T., Sankar, V., Prakash, S., Muthusamy, R., Krishnamurti, A., & Surendran, S. (2009). Withania somnifera root extract improves catecholamines and physiological abnormalities seen in a Parkinson's disease model mouse. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 125(3), 369-373. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.003
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Stresshormoner (HPA-aksen)Auddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Baitharu, I., Jain, V., Deep, S. N., Hota, K. B., Hota, S. K., Prasad, D., & Ilavazhagan, G. (2013). Withania somnifera root extract ameliorates hypobaric hypoxia induced memory impairment in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 145(2), 431-441. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.063 Bhatnagar, M., Sharma, D., & Salvi, M. (2009). Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera dunal.: a possible mechanism. Neurochemical Research, 34(11), 1975-1983. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-9987-7 Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 34(3), 255-262. DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.106022 Choudhary, D., Bhattacharyya, S., & Joshi, K. (2017). Body weight management in adults under chronic stress through treatment with ashwagandha root extract: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine, 22(1), 96-106. DOI: 10.1177/2156587216641830 Gopukumar, K., Thanawala, S., Somepalli, V., Rao, T. S., Thamatam, V. B., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha Root Extract on Cognitive Functions in Healthy, Stressed Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021. DOI:10.1155/2021/8254344 Kalani, A., Bahtiyar, G., & Sacerdote, A. (2012). Ashwagandha root in the treatment of non-classical adrenal hyperplasia. Case Reports, 2012, bcr2012006989. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006989 Lopresti, A. L., Smith, S. J., Malvi, H., & Kodgule, R. (2019). An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 98(37). DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017186 Majeed, M., Nagabhushanam, K., & Mundkur, L. (2023). A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine, 102(41), e35521. Mahdi, A. A., Shukla, K. K., Ahmad, M. K., Rajender, S., Shankhwar, S. N., Singh, V., & Dalela, D. (2011). Withania somnifera improves semen quality in stress-related male fertility. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011. DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep138 Pingali, U., Pilli, R., & Fatima, N. (2013). Effect of Withania somnifera extract on mental stress induced changes in hemodynamic properties and arterial wave reflections in healthy subjects. Current Topics in Nutraceuticals Research, 11(4), 151. Lenke til artikkel. Remenapp, A., Coyle, K., Orange, T., Lynch, T., Hooper, D., Hooper, S., Conway, K., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2022). Efficacy of Withania somnifera supplementation on adult’s cognition and mood. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 13(2), 100510. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.08.003 Salve, J., Pate, S., Debnath, K., & Langade, D. (2019). Adaptogenic and anxiolytic effects of ashwagandha root extract in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study. Cureus, 11(12). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6466 Singh, B., Chandan, B. K., & Gupta, D. K. (2003). Adaptogenic activity of a novel withanolide‐free aqueous fraction from the roots of Withania somnifera Dun.(Part II). Phytotherapy Research, 17(5), 531-536. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1189 Speers, A. B., Cabey, K. A., Soumyanath, A., & Wright, K. M. (2021). Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current Neuropharmacology, 19(9), 1468. DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556
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Immunregulering og InflammasjonAuddy B., Hazra J., Mitra A., Abedon B., Ghosal S. (2008). A standardized Withania somnifera extract significantly reduces stress-related parameters in chronically stressed humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, 11, 50–56. Lenke til artikkel Gupta, M., & Kaur, G. (2018). Withania somnifera as a potential anxiolytic and anti-inflammatory candidate against systemic lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Neuromolecular medicine, 20(3), 343-362. DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8497-7 Mandlik, D. S., & Namdeo, A. G. (2021). Pharmacological evaluation of Ashwagandha highlighting its healthcare claims, safety, and toxicity aspects. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 18(2), 183-226. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1741484 Priyanka, G., Anil Kumar, B., Lakshman, M., Manvitha, V., & Kala Kumar, B. (2020). Adaptogenic and immunomodulatory activity of Ashwagandha root extract: An experimental study in an equine model. Frontiers in veterinary science, 7, 541112. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.541112 Kaur, T., Singh, H., Mishra, R., Manchanda, S., Gupta, M., Saini, V., ... & Kaur, G. (2017). Withania somnifera as a potential anxiolytic and immunomodulatory agent in acute sleep deprived female Wistar rats. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 427(1), 91-101. DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2900-1 Khan, B., Ahmad, S. F., Bani, S., Kaul, A., Suri, K. A., Satti, N. K., ... & Qazi, G. N. (2006). Augmentation and proliferation of T lymphocytes and Th-1 cytokines by Withania somnifera in stressed mice. International immunopharmacology, 6(9), 1394-1403. DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2006.04.001 Kour, K., Pandey, A., Suri, K. A., Satti, N. K., Gupta, K. K., & Bani, S. (2009). Restoration of stress-induced altered T cell function and corresponding cytokines patterns by Withanolide A. International immunopharmacology, 9(10), 1137-1144. DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.05.011 Paul, S., Chakraborty, S., Anand, U., Dey, S., Nandy, S., Ghorai, M., ... & Dey, A. (2021). Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 143, 112175. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112175 Tharakan, A., Shukla, H., Benny, I. R., Tharakan, M., George, L., & Koshy, S. (2021). Immunomodulatory Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) Extract—A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial with an Open Label Extension on Healthy Participants. Journal of clinical medicine, 10(16), 3644. DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163644
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Beskyttende Effekt på CellenivåMandlik, D. S., & Namdeo, A. G. (2021). Pharmacological evaluation of Ashwagandha highlighting its healthcare claims, safety, and toxicity aspects. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 18(2), 183-226. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1741484 Mukherjee, P. K., Banerjee, S., Biswas, S., Das, B., Kar, A., & Katiyar, C. K. (2021). Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal-Modern perspectives of an ancient Rasayana from Ayurveda. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 264, 113157. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113157 Paul, S., Chakraborty, S., Anand, U., Dey, S., Nandy, S., Ghorai, M., ... & Dey, A. (2021). Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 143, 112175. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112175 Soman, S., Anju, T. R., Jayanarayanan, S., Antony, S., & Paulose, C. S. (2013). Impaired motor learning attributed to altered AMPA receptor function in the cerebellum of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy: ameliorating effects of Withania somnifera and withanolide A. Epilepsy & Behavior, 27(3), 484-491. DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.01.007 Soman, S., Korah, P. K., Jayanarayanan, S., Mathew, J., & Paulose, C. S. (2012). Oxidative stress induced NMDA receptor alteration leads to spatial memory deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy: ameliorative effects of Withania somnifera and Withanolide A. Neurochemical research, 37(9), 1915-1927. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0810-5 Speers, A. B., Cabey, K. A., Soumyanath, A., & Wright, K. M. (2021). Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current Neuropharmacology, 19(9), 1468. DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556 Tohda, C., Komatsu, K., & Kuboyama, T. (2005). Scientific basis for the anti-dementia drugs of constituents from Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera). J Tad Med, 22, 176-182. Lenke til artikkel. Zahiruddin, S., Basist, P., Parveen, A., Parveen, R., Khan, W., & Ahmad, S. (2020). Ashwagandha in brain disorders: A review of recent developments. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 257, 112876. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112876
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Bioaktive PlantemolekylerMandlik, D. S., & Namdeo, A. G. (2021). Pharmacological evaluation of Ashwagandha highlighting its healthcare claims, safety, and toxicity aspects. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 18(2), 183-226. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1741484 Paul, S., Chakraborty, S., Anand, U., Dey, S., Nandy, S., Ghorai, M., ... & Dey, A. (2021). Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 143, 112175. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112175
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Fravær av BivirkningerChengappa, K. R., Brar, J. S., Gannon, J. M., & Schlicht, P. J. (2018). Adjunctive use of a standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) to treat symptom exacerbation in schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 79(5), 22496. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.17m11826 Gopukumar, K., Thanawala, S., Somepalli, V., Rao, T. S., Thamatam, V. B., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha Root Extract on Cognitive Functions in Healthy, Stressed Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021. DOI:10.1155/2021/8254344 Mandlik, D. S., & Namdeo, A. G. (2021). Pharmacological evaluation of Ashwagandha highlighting its healthcare claims, safety, and toxicity aspects. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 18(2), 183-226. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1741484 Verma, N., Gupta, S. K., Tiwari, S., & Mishra, A. K. (2021). Safety of ashwagandha root extract: a randomized, placebo-controlled, study in healthy volunteers. Complementary therapies in medicine, 57, 102642. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102642
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